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Plant pigment (flavonoid) found in red wine, onions, green tea, apples and berries. Quercetin is thought to contribute to anticancer effects through several mechanisms: -Antioxidant Activity: -Induction of Apoptosis:modify Bax:Bcl-2 ratio -Anti-inflammatory Effects: -Cell Cycle Arrest: -Inhibition of Angiogenesis and Metastasis: (VEGF) Cellular Pathways: -PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway: central to cell proliferation, survival, and metabolism. -MAPK/ERK Pathway: influencing cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. -NF-κB Pathway: downregulate NF-κB -JAK/STAT Pathway: interfere with the activation of STAT3 -Apoptotic Pathways: intrinsic (mitochondrial) and extrinsic (death receptor-mediated) pathways Quercetin has been used at doses around 500–1000 mg per day Quercetin’s bioavailability from foods or standard supplements can be low. -Note half-life 11 to 28 hours. BioAv low 1-10%, poor water-solubility, consuming with fat may improve bioavialability. also piperine or VitC. Pathways: - induce ROS production in cancer cells (higher dose). Typicallys Lowers ROS in normal cells(unless it is high dose?)or depends on Redox status?. "quercetin paradox" - ROS↑ related: MMP↓(ΔΨm), ER Stress↑, UPR↑, GRP78↑, Ca+2↑, Cyt‑c↑, Caspases↑, DNA damage↑, cl-PARP↑, HSP↓, Prx, - Confusing info about Lowering AntiOxidant defense in Cancer Cells: NRF2↓(some contrary), TrxR↓**, SOD↓(contrary), GSH↓ Catalase↓(contrary), HO1↓(some contrary), GPx↓(some contrary) - Raises AntiOxidant defense in Normal Cells: ROS↓, NRF2↑, SOD↑, GSH↑, Catalase↑, - lowers Inflammation : NF-kB↓, COX2↓, p38↓, Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines : NLRP3↓, IL-1β↓, TNF-α↓, IL-6↓, IL-8↓ - inhibit Growth/Metastases : TumMeta↓, TumCG↓, EMT↓, MMPs↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, TIMP2, IGF-1↓, uPA↓, VEGF↓, ROCK1↓, FAK↓, NF-κB↓, CXCR4↓, SDF1↓, TGF-β↓, α-SMA↓, ERK↓ - reactivate genes thereby inhibiting cancer cell growth : HDAC↓, DNMTs↓, EZH2↓, P53↑, HSP↓, Sp proteins↓, TET↑ - cause Cell cycle arrest : TumCCA↑, cyclin D1↓, cyclin E↓, CDK2↓, CDK4↓, CDK6↓, - inhibits Migration/Invasion : TumCMig↓, TumCI↓, TNF-α↓, FAK↓, ERK↓, EMT↓, TOP1↓, TET1, - inhibits glycolysis and ATP depletion : HIF-1α↓, PKM2↓, cMyc↓, GLUT1↓, LDH↓, LDHA↓, HK2↓, PFKs↓, PDKs↓, ECAR↓, OXPHOS↓, GRP78↑, GlucoseCon↓ - inhibits angiogenesis↓ : VEGF↓, HIF-1α↓, Notch↓, FGF↓, PDGF↓, EGFR↓, - some indication of inhibiting Cancer Stem Cells : CSC↓, CK2↓, Hh↓, CD24↓, β-catenin↓, Notch2↓, - Others: PI3K↓, AKT↓, JAK↓, STAT↓, Wnt↓, β-catenin↓, AMPK, α↓, ERK↓, JNK, - SREBP (related to cholesterol). - Synergies: chemo-sensitization, chemoProtective, RadioSensitizer, RadioProtective, Others(review target notes), Neuroprotective, Cognitive, Renoprotection, Hepatoprotective, CardioProtective, - Selectivity: Cancer Cells vs Normal Cells |
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Cancer metastasis is the process by which cancer cells spread from the original (primary) tumor to other parts of the body, forming new (secondary) tumors. This occurs when cancer cells invade surrounding tissues, enter the bloodstream or lymphatic system, and travel to distant organs or tissues. |
1201- | QC,  |   | Quercetin: a silent retarder of fatty acid oxidation in breast cancer metastasis through steering of mitochondrial CPT1 |
- | in-vivo, | BC, | NA |
2341- | QC,  |   | Quercetin suppresses the mobility of breast cancer by suppressing glycolysis through Akt-mTOR pathway mediated autophagy induction |
- | in-vitro, | BC, | MCF-7 | - | in-vitro, | BC, | MDA-MB-231 | - | in-vivo, | NA, | NA |
3368- | QC,  |   | The potential anti-cancer effects of quercetin on blood, prostate and lung cancers: An update |
- | Review, | Var, | NA |
3374- | QC,  |   | Therapeutic effects of quercetin in oral cancer therapy: a systematic review of preclinical evidence focused on oxidative damage, apoptosis and anti-metastasis |
- | Review, | Oral, | NA | - | Review, | AD, | NA |
3347- | QC,  |   | Recent Advances in Potential Health Benefits of Quercetin |
- | Review, | Var, | NA | - | Review, | AD, | NA |
3353- | QC,  |   | Quercetin triggers cell apoptosis-associated ROS-mediated cell death and induces S and G2/M-phase cell cycle arrest in KON oral cancer cells |
- | in-vitro, | Oral, | KON | - | in-vitro, | Nor, | MRC-5 |
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