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| Plant pigment (flavonoid) found in red wine, onions, green tea, apples and berries. Quercetin is thought to contribute to anticancer effects through several mechanisms: -Antioxidant Activity: -Induction of Apoptosis:modify Bax:Bcl-2 ratio -Anti-inflammatory Effects: -Cell Cycle Arrest: -Inhibition of Angiogenesis and Metastasis: (VEGF) Cellular Pathways: -PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway: central to cell proliferation, survival, and metabolism. -MAPK/ERK Pathway: influencing cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. -NF-κB Pathway: downregulate NF-κB -JAK/STAT Pathway: interfere with the activation of STAT3 -Apoptotic Pathways: intrinsic (mitochondrial) and extrinsic (death receptor-mediated) pathways Quercetin has been used at doses around 500–1000 mg per day Quercetin’s bioavailability from foods or standard supplements can be low. EMIQ bioavialability is about 3X that of Quercetin (Example Natural Factors brand) Isoquercitrin is high bioaviability and efficiacy but at this time does not seem available as supplement. -Note half-life 11 to 28 hours. BioAv low 1-10%, poor water-solubility, consuming with fat may improve bioavialability. also piperine or VitC. Pathways: - induce ROS production in cancer cells (higher dose). Typicallys Lowers ROS in normal cells(unless it is high dose?)or depends on Redox status?. "quercetin paradox" - ROS↑ related: MMP↓(ΔΨm), ER Stress↑, UPR↑, GRP78↑, Ca+2↑, Cyt‑c↑, Caspases↑, DNA damage↑, cl-PARP↑, HSP↓, Prx, - Confusing info about Lowering AntiOxidant defense in Cancer Cells: NRF2↓(some contrary), TrxR↓**, SOD↓(contrary), GSH↓ Catalase↓(contrary), HO1↓(some contrary), GPx↓(some contrary) - Raises AntiOxidant defense in Normal Cells: ROS↓, NRF2↑, SOD↑, GSH↑, Catalase↑, - lowers Inflammation : NF-kB↓, COX2↓, p38↓, Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines : NLRP3↓, IL-1β↓, TNF-α↓, IL-6↓, IL-8↓ - inhibit Growth/Metastases : TumMeta↓, TumCG↓, EMT↓, MMPs↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, TIMP2, IGF-1↓, uPA↓, VEGF↓, ROCK1↓, FAK↓, NF-κB↓, CXCR4↓, SDF1↓, TGF-β↓, α-SMA↓, ERK↓ - reactivate genes thereby inhibiting cancer cell growth : HDAC↓, DNMTs↓, EZH2↓, P53↑, HSP↓, Sp proteins↓, TET↑ - cause Cell cycle arrest : TumCCA↑, cyclin D1↓, cyclin E↓, CDK2↓, CDK4↓, CDK6↓, - inhibits Migration/Invasion : TumCMig↓, TumCI↓, TNF-α↓, FAK↓, ERK↓, EMT↓, TOP1↓, TET1, - inhibits glycolysis and ATP depletion : HIF-1α↓, PKM2↓, cMyc↓, GLUT1↓, LDH↓, LDHA↓, HK2↓, PFKs↓, PDKs↓, ECAR↓, OXPHOS↓, GRP78↑, GlucoseCon↓ - inhibits angiogenesis↓ : VEGF↓, HIF-1α↓, Notch↓, FGF↓, PDGF↓, EGFR↓, - some indication of inhibiting Cancer Stem Cells : CSC↓, CK2↓, Hh↓, CD24↓, β-catenin↓, Notch2↓, - Others: PI3K↓, AKT↓, JAK↓, STAT↓, Wnt↓, β-catenin↓, AMPK, α↓, ERK↓, JNK, - SREBP (related to cholesterol). - Synergies: chemo-sensitization, chemoProtective, RadioSensitizer, RadioProtective, Others(review target notes), Neuroprotective, Cognitive, Renoprotection, Hepatoprotective, CardioProtective, - Selectivity: Cancer Cells vs Normal Cells
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| When cyclin B levels are elevated, cells can enter M phase prematurely and strict control over cell division is lost, which is favorable for cancer development. Cyclin B is a regulatory protein that plays a crucial role in cell cycle progression, particularly in the transition from the G2 phase to mitosis. Its expression levels can significantly impact cancer progression and patient prognosis. Cyclin B expression is often elevated in various cancers and is generally associated with poor prognosis. Cyclin B levels: -Accumulate during S and G2 -Peak at mitotic entry -Are rapidly destroyed at metaphase–anaphase transition via the APC/C ubiquitin ligase |
| 913- | QC, | Effects of low dose quercetin: Cancer cell-specific inhibition of cell cycle progression |
| - | in-vitro, | BC, | SkBr3 | - | in-vitro, | BC, | MDA-MB-435 |
| 54- | QC, | Quercetin‑3‑methyl ether suppresses human breast cancer stem cell formation by inhibiting the Notch1 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways |
| - | in-vitro, | BC, | MCF7 |
| 58- | QC, | doxoR, | Quercetin induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in CD133+ cancer stem cells of human colorectal HT29 cancer cell line and enhances anticancer effects of doxorubicin |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HT-29 | - | in-vitro, | NA, | CD133+ |
| 66- | QC, | Emerging impact of quercetin in the treatment of prostate cancer |
| - | Review, | Pca, | NA |
| 40- | QC, | Quercetin arrests G2/M phase and induces caspase-dependent cell death in U937 cells |
| - | in-vitro, | lymphoma, | U937 |
| 49- | QC, | Plasma rich in quercetin metabolites induces G2/M arrest by upregulating PPAR-γ expression in human A549 lung cancer cells |
| - | in-vitro, | Lung, | A549 |
| 84- | QC, | Quercetin-induced growth inhibition and cell death in prostatic carcinoma cells (PC-3) are associated with increase in p21 and hypophosphorylated retinoblastoma proteins expression |
| - | in-vitro, | Pca, | PC3 |
| 3354- | QC, | Quercetin: Its Main Pharmacological Activity and Potential Application in Clinical Medicine |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 3343- | QC, | Quercetin, a Flavonoid with Great Pharmacological Capacity |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA | - | Review, | AD, | NA | - | Review, | Arthritis, | NA |
| 3369- | QC, | Pharmacological basis and new insights of quercetin action in respect to its anti-cancer effects |
| - | Review, | Pca, | NA |
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers. Such Conditions may include : -low or high Dose -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations -different cell line effects -synergies with other products -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells
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